Authoring of Projections:
The introductory section deals with the ownership and authoring issues of projections
and the importance of having Borrower provided projections as a basis of analysis.
The use of in-house prepared statements and CPA prepared statements are discussed.
- Borrower Responsibilities
- Internally Prepared Projections
- Financial Statement Preparation
- CPA Compilations
- CPA Reviews
- CPA Audits
- CPA Projection Responsibilities
Classical Analysis:
This section deals with external and internal factors that could influence a
company. This classical approach to business analysis is reviewed as a foundation to
the sources of data and likelihood of attaining sales forecast numbers.
External Factors:
- Economy
- Company Position
- Industry
- Financial Strength
- Management
Internal Factors:
Internet Resources:
The exciting new tools of the internet are discussed and shown. Students gain a
basic understanding of the tools available on the internet for company research.
- Introduction to the internet 101
- Industry information
- Company information
- Trade Associations
- Periodicals
- Commodity prices
- Equipment prices
- News Groups
Historical Analysis:
Historical data is used as a basis of comparison to the projections. Adjustments
to historical numbers are discussed with a variety of ways to gain comfort with
adjustments from historical numbers. Monthly and annual formats are also discussed.
- Overview of historical approach
- Revenue projections
- Cost of Sales projections
- S, G&A projections
- Add-backs and Add-ins
- Allocations from a parent company
- Field Examination data
- Monthly projections
- Annual Projections
- Operating cycles
- Operating Cycles and Turnover Interpretations
Projection Model Overview:
Cash Flow Model assumptions and inputs are discussed here, allowing students to gain an
overview of the model and layout of the spreadsheet. Basic setup requirements and a
list of required items for easier input are discussed.
- Model Introduction
- Review of Model sections
- Spreadsheet layout
- Gathering data
- EBITDA
- TNW
- Additional training courses available
Hands-On Cash Flow Model:
Several hours are spent with a case study to allow students to use the cash flow model
and study the affects of various assumptions. Students learn to balance and test
inputs verses outputs for reasonableness. The importance of loan formula setup, line
caps and advance rates are highlighted.
- Case study
- Case study inputs
- Debugging input errors
Analysis of Model Results:
Outputs are reviewed with the case answers. A problem solving format is used to
illustrate any errors made by students in the case study and the meaning of the cash flow
analysis is discussed page-by-page. Users will see the difference between income,
debt coverage, interest coverage and line availability. Sensitivity to a variety of
inputs (i.e., interest rate and gross margin changes) are illustrated.
- Case Study Answers
- Page-by-page discussion of results
- Cash Flow verses line availability
- Sensitivity analysis
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